![]() ![]() Soil scientists conduct various tests on soils to learn about their composition. Many of the trees being grown today in Maine are harvested for timber or for making paper. This soil is perfect for growing trees-specifically, red spruce and balsam fir. The state soil of Maine, located in the northeastern part of the country, is made from materials left behind after local glaciers melted. Corn and soybeans are the primary crops grown in these soils. Iowa, which is in Midwest region of the United States, has a state soil that is good for farming because it is made up of a thick layer of organic matter from the decomposition of prairie grasses. Hawai'i’s deep, well-drained state soil contains volcanic ash that makes it perfect for growing sugar cane, as well as ginger roots, papaya, and macadamia nuts. Consider the soils of three states: Hawai'i, Iowa, and Maine. ![]() These differing soils are the reason why there is such a wide variety of crops grown in the United States. The NRCS has found that each state has a “state soil” with a unique soil “recipe” that is specific to that state. Department of Agriculture-has compiled soil maps and data for 95 percent of the United States. The Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS)-part of the U.S. Soil composition is a mix of soil ingredients that varies from place to place. The biotic and abiotic factors in the soil are what make up the soil’s composition. Other, less common minerals include calcium, magnesium, and sulfur. The most common minerals found in soil that support plant growth are phosphorus, and potassium and also, nitrogen gas. The second category consists of abiotic factors, which include all nonliving things-for example, minerals, water, and air. In the first category are biotic factors-all the living and once-living things in soil, such as plants and insects. These soil components fall into two categories. Soil contains air, water, and minerals as well as plant and animal matter, both living and dead. ![]()
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